Our guests today, Lennart Bach, at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, and Veronica Tamsitt, Head of Oceanography at the mCDR MRV company, Submarine, are two of the authors of a very interesting research article recently published in the journal Global Biogeochemical Cycles, titled “Identifying the Most (Cost-)Efficient Regions for CO2 Removal With Iron Fertilization in the Southern Ocean.”

Ocean Iron Fertilization (OIF) is really the “OG” of marine-based CDR approaches, with the Ocean Iron Hypothesis being advanced by oceanographer John Martin in the 1980s, and 13 field experiments ensuing over the course of two decades, beginning in 1993, with the last experiment conducted in 2009.

It’s fair to say that interest in OIF largely fell into abeyance for a protracted period of time. However, recently, largely due to the efforts of researchers at Woods Hole, including Ken Buesseler, who we interviewed on a previous episode, as well as a spate of recent high-profile publications, OIF seems to be front and center again in the discussion of mCDR methods.

In this episode we discuss some of the most pertinent issues to assessing the potential role of OIF in a marine CDR portfolio, including costs, risks, and legal considerations. We hope this interview can do justice to some of the article’s most important conclusions.

Our guest today is Freya Chay, Carbon Removal Program Lead at CarbonPlan, a non-profit organization in the US working on data and science for climate action by improving the transparency and scientific integrity of climate solutions with open data and tools.

Carbon Plan and Freya have produced a number of stellar publications and tools, widely regarded in the field and insightfully crafted. Notably, the CDR primer is a bibliography of crucial concepts to understand if one wants to enter the world of CDR. Similarly, the CDR Verification Framework is an insightful and informative tool to explore detailed layers of CDR approaches.

In this episode, we discuss Freya's perspective on barriers to scaling, market responsibilities and market-shaping opportunities. We also discuss uncertainty and opportunities in Monitoring, Reporting and Verification.

Welcome back to the Plan Sea Podcast as we kick off our final stretch of season 1.
Today's episode focuses on the findings and observations in a recently published paper in the Journal of Environmental Science and Policy entitled

We welcome the paper's coauthors Sara Nawaz, Director of Research at the Institute of Carbon Removal, Law and Policy, and Terre Satterfield, Professor of Culture, Risk and Environment at the Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia to the episode.

Dr. Matt Eisaman and Frances Simpson-Allen join Plan Sea to discuss Ebb Carbon's marine carbon dioxide removal approach and their latest developments. Matt is a cofounder and Chief Scientist as well as Associate Professor at Yale University in the Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences and the Yale Center for Natural Carbon Capture (YCNCC). Frances is their Director for Policy and Market Development.

We discuss the necessity of field trials, challenges on their path to scaleup, as well as very importantly the relevance and importance of social engagement strategies. Particularly, we converse about Ebb's most recent public-private partnerships and plans for the upcoming year. As always, we also dive into the world of regulation and policy and how that interacts with Ebb's approach and operation.

Today’s guest is David Koweek, who holds a PhD from Stanford University in Earth System Science and is currently the Chief Scientist of Ocean Visions, a non-profit organization comprised of a network of leading universities and oceanographic research institutions and partners. Ocean Visions works to engage and focus resources from across this network for concerted action, catalyzing collaboration for the co-design, development, testing, and evaluation of solutions to the interlocking ocean-climate crisis.

David tells us about Ocean Vision's general work and thematic pillars. In particular, we discuss the importance of field trials in order for scaleup of mCDR approaches, as well as what is currently hindering scaling generally. As we navigate these different thematic focus points, David presents Ocean Vision's amazing resources such as the Launchpad Program, CDR Roadmaps, and their curate CDR Community.

Finally, David also sheds light on the important work they are doing on an international stage at the United Nations.

We hope you enjoy this episode!

Launchpad Program: https://oceanvisions.org/launchpad/

CDR Roadmaps: https://www2.oceanvisions.org/roadmaps/

CDR Community: https://community.oceanvisions.org/

Dr. Ken Buesseler, senior scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, joins us to discuss new perspectives and opportunities of ocean iron fertilization (OIF) as a carbon removal solution.

Ken explores with us how the journey of OIF has evolved as one of the first researched carbon removal solutions from about a decade ago to today. We discuss what OIF is, what the new effort ExOIS, Exploring Ocean Iron Solutions, entails and why it is important for the development of OIF. We discuss the history of OIF as well as how new technology development could help answer some of those early risks, including progress on the front of monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) of both carbon and environmental parameters.

Learn more about ExOIS: https://oceaniron.org/

Today's episode features three representatives of the SEAO2-CDR project, a European effort to determine strategies for the evaluation and assessment of ocean based carbon dioxide removal. The project's aims range from a strongly interdisciplinary background and focus not only on scientific, but also economic, legal, political, social and ethical aspects.

We are joined by

• the project’s Scientific and Technical Lead, Dr. Christopher Pearce from the National Oceanography Center in the UK.
• Dr Christine Merk of the Kiel Institute for the World Economy, who co-leads WP4 Understanding public and stakeholder perceptions.
• Dr Patricia Grasse, University of Leipzig and GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, who leads WP7 Integrated assessment of ocean-based CDR deployment.

The project is funded through the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 101081362.

This episode's guests are Jean-Pierre Gattuso, CNRS research professor at Sorbonne University and Institute on Sustainable Development and International Relations, France, and Chair for Ocean Acidification and other ocean changes – Impacts and Solutions at Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation; and Andreas Oschlies, professor and head of the biogeochemical modeling research unit at GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research in Kiel, Germany.

Together they have led a crossdisciplinary, international research effort to produce a Best Practice Guide for Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement. The currently published pre-print of the guide consists of 13 chapters, written by 50+ scientific co-authors and covering all the relevant approaches available for ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) as a Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) approach. The chapters’ topics range from covering current knowledge of the individual approaches and scientific uncertainties as well as recommendations for responsible research and innovation, public engagement, data reporting and sharing, and monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV).

Read each individual chapter and provide comments on the OAE Best Practice Guide website.